How Slavery And Colonialism Have Shaped Modern Societies The WritePass Journal

How Slavery And Colonialism Have Shaped Modern Societies Introduction How Slavery And Colonialism Have Shaped Modern Societies IntroductionThe modern capitalist economic systemThe industrial revolution and economic growthGlobalization and migrations Racial inferiority, dependency and distorted economiesConclusionReferences Related Introduction Slavery is a system involving the treatment of people as commodities or property, traded often for the purpose of forced labour. This practice precedes written record having existed in numerous cultures. Most notable in its scale was the slave trade in the pre-industrial societies with the most significant being the trans-Atlantic slave trade (Eltis and Engerman, 2000). Slaves mainly from the western and central Africa were sold by African slave merchants and tribal elders to European slave traders to be exploited in an inexpensive labour force. They were then transported to colonies in North and South America and forced to work on plantations of coffee, tobacco, cocoa, cotton and sugar; in the rice fields; in the construction industry; in silver and gold mines; and/or served in houses working as servants (Eltis and Engerman, 2000). Colonialism refers to the establishment, acquisition, maintenance, expansion, and exploitation of a territory by people of other territories or their agents. A colony refers to the territory controlled by another state or its agents. Colonialism describes a set of unequal relationships between colonial power and the colonists on one hand, bearing upon the colony and indigenous population on the other. The period from the 14th to the 19th centuries was an era characterized by European colonialism in which several European powers particularly Portugal, Spain, France, Britain, and the Netherlands established colonies in Asia, Africa and the Americas (Cooper, 2005). Both of these pursuits were designed to strengthen the home country through agriculture and economic exploits through the participation in international trade and exploitation of new lands, among other resources for capital profit in competition with rivals primarily under inter-capitalist rivalry for capital accumulation. They were particularly important in the economic development of capitalism (Ferguson, 2003; Getz and Heather, 2010). This paper seeks to establish if slavery and/or colonialism shaped modern societies and if so, in what ways. In consideration of the contribution and influences of slavery and colonialism in shaping modern societies, industrial capitalism, which consequently undid the dependence on slave trade, the gradual economic change, and the cumulative effect of consequent economic and political developments have significantly shaped modern societies in the global arena (Getz and Heather, 2010). It obtains therefore that in the long term slave trade and colonialism contributed to the development of capitalism which has resulted in the continued dominance of international trade and politics, given their strong economies and political maturity. Consequent impacts of slavery and colonialism ventures on modern societies include: unequal social relations and racial inferiority; neo-colonial dependency; distorted economies as well as massive poverty, particularly of the colonies, especially in Africa. In positive light, the pursuits of slavery and colonialism created effective conduits for commerce both at sea and on land with improved infrastructure and technological progress, as well as in the spread of languages, literature and cultures which has contributed to modern day globalization (Henry and Sangeeta, 2004; Ferguson, 2003). The modern capitalist economic system Capitalism is basically an economic system in which investment of capital (or money) is used to produce profits. Factors of production such as land, communications, factories and transport systems are privately owned by either individuals or corporations trading in a ‘free market’ whose main feature is competition (Hobsbawm, 1999). Historians debate the contribution of slave trade and colonialism to modern economic development with some having the view that the capital required came from within through industrial development. However, others argue that these predominantly commercial pursuits, driven by rivalry in the quest for capital accumulation and imperialism (international dominance), were the essential components in the development of the globally dominant capitalist economy (Cooper, 2005; Henry and Sangeeta, 2004). The industrial revolution and economic growth The processing of raw materials and profits from plantations sourced from colonial territories and produced predominantly through slave labour gave rise to industrial development and the creation of employment, increasing general prosperity and significantly enhancing the economies of the Western nations (Eltis and Engerman, 2000; Ferguson, 2003). The industrial revolution was backed significantly by the easing of credit facilities of new industrialists suffering from the lengthy turnover time with credit offerings which are a vital factor. This was enabled by offerings from the success and profits from ventures and principally, financial bills backed by plantation products like sugar and tobacco which became a form of money and went into circulation, filling the absence of sufficient credit and lending institutions required for industrial development (Eltis and Engerman, 2000). Through this set of events, it is clear that slavery and colonialism led to the development of the modern capitalist economy. The industrial revolution and profits obtaining from the exploits of this era were substantial with the recipients becoming very rich and gaining power in the political and social spheres, thereby challenging the dominance of monarchies at the time (Rud ´e, 1972). Growth in capitalism led to the emergence of economic institutions which provided security to property rights and to the broader society enhancing investments. These institutions were also the result of the development of political institutions which served to constrain the power of the monarchies and allied groups (Rogowski, 1989; Hobsbawm, 1999). Through this, Britain and France, which were farther ahead in economic development ushered in industrial development and parliamentary democracy with attendant liberties, structures and processes which exist and serve the modern society globally to this day (Ferguson, 2003). Globalization and migrations Other benefits and significant impacts that this trade and commerce has had on societies today include improved infrastructure, technological progress, and the opening up of territories around the globe which have been fostered by capitalist democracies; as well as the spread of languages, literation and culture internationally (Hobsbawm, 1999). These have been significant in fostering globalization. Most manufacturing towns and cities, trade routes and sea ports that were developed during this era are still in service in international trade. Also noteworthy is the fact that travel and migrations have resulted in changes in ethnic compositions of countries, particularly those of colonisers and colonies such as the Americas (Getz and Heather, 2010). Racial inferiority, dependency and distorted economies There are however significant negative impacts that these developments have had which are evident in modern societies including unequal social relations which result in racial inferiority; neo-colonial dependency; massive poverty; and distorted economies among others (Getz and Heather, 2010; Henry and Sangeeta, 2004). The dominance of Western nations in the global economy as established through these exploits and organized under capitalism has resulted in inequalities among nations and peoples across the globe. This is enhanced by imperialistic tendencies and neo-colonial dependency characteristic in the relationships of colony states with their colonizers, as well as neo-colonialism (Gallaher et al, 2008). This has resulted in unequal social relations globally and racial inferiority, which in part are consequences of massive poverty and distorted economies in most former colonies. This is illustrated in the neo-colonial dependency of colony states to former colonizers which still exists in modern societies and the distorted economies. When one society finds itself forced to relinquish power to another society, it finds itself in a form of underdevelopment, a subordination that continues to be felt in modern societies (Gallaher et al, 2008). This can in part explain the fate of African and Caribbean states which are characterised by massive poverty and socio-psychological disorientation. Underdevelopment has led to social stratification and geographic disparities due to the belief and perceptions of peoples, such as those of the developing world as being racially inferior to the better-endowed peoples of the Western world. Generations of descendants from slavery continue to be affected by prejudice and bigotry and limited opportunities (Getz and Heather, 2010). Conclusion The view that slavery and colonialism has shaped modern societies has been elucidated and the ways in which this influence has occurred has been discussed. It is considered that the capitalist economic system of the modern world arose from exploits associated or resulting from slave trade and colonialism which has led to the economic divide between the Western world states with those of the colonised, especially the African states. This has led to neo-colonial dependency, social stratification and geographic disparities which have resulted in perceptions of racial inferiority characterized by prejudice, bigotry and limited opportunities. References Cooper, F., 2005. Colonialism in Question: Theory, Knowledge, History. Eltis, D., and S., Engerman, 2000. â€Å"The Importance of Slavery and the Slave Trade to Industrializing Britain.† In: Journal of Economic History, 60, 123-144. Ferguson, N., 2003. Empire: How Britain Made the Modern World. London: Allen Lane. Gallaher, C. et al., 2008. Imperialism/Colonialism: Key Concepts in Political Geography, Sage Publications Ltd. p. 5 (GIC). Getz, R., and Heather S., (eds.), 2010. Modern Imperialism and Colonialism: A Global Perspective. Henry S., and R., Sangeeta, 2004. A Companion to Postcolonial Studies. John Wiley Sons. p. 271. Hobsbawm, E., 1999. Industry and Empire: From 1750 to the Present Day, New York: The New Press. Rogowski, R., 1989. Commerce and Coalitions: How Trade affects Domestic Political Alignments, Princeton; Princeton University Press. Rud ´e, G., 1972. Europe in the Eighteenth Century: Aristocracy and the Bourgeois Challenge, Cambridge MA; Harvard University

Platybelodon - Facts and Figures

Platybelodon - Facts and Figures Name: Platybelodon (Greek for flat tusk); pronounced PLAT-ee-BELL-oh-don Habitat: Swamps, lakes and rivers of Africa and Eurasia Historical Epoch: Late Miocene (10 million years ago) Size and Weight: About 10 feet long and 2-3 tons Diet: Plants Distinguishing Characteristics: Flat, shovel-shaped, joined tusks on lower jaw; possible prehensile trunk About Platybelodon As you may have guessed from its name, Platybelodon (Greek for flat tusk) was a close relative of Amebelodon (shovel-tusk): both of these prehistoric elephants presumably used their flattened lower tusks to dig up the moist vegetation along the flooded plains, lakebeds and riverbanks of late Miocene Africa and Eurasia, about 10 million years ago. The main difference between the two was that Platybelodons fused silverware was much more advanced than Amebelodons, with a broad, concave, serrated surface that bore an uncanny resemblance to a modern spork; measuring about two or three feet long and a foot wide, it certainly gave this prehistoric proboscid a pronounced underbite. Recent scholarship has challenged the claim that Platybelodon wielded its lower tusk like a spork, digging this appendage deep into the muck and dredging up hundreds of pounds of vegetation. It turns out that Platybelodons double lower tusk was much more densely and robustly built than would have been required for this simple task; an alternative theory is that this elephant grasped the branches of trees with its trunk, then swung its massive head back and forth to scythe down the tough plants underneath, or eve strip and eat bark. (You can thank Henry Fairfield Osborn, the one-time director of the American Museum of Natural History, for the trunkless dredging scenario, which he popularized in the 1930s.)

Describe and discuss the extent of racism and racial discrimination in Essay

Describe and discuss the extent of racism and racial discrimination in Britain - Essay Example In this context, the development of racial discrimination in Britain is continued; however, the fact that efforts for the control of the phenomenon are also in progress is quite encouraging, proving that the signs for the limitation of racism in Britain are positive, no matter if their results are made visible in the short or the long term. 2. Racism and racial discrimination in Britain background and extent 2.1 Overview of racism and racial discrimination in Britain Immigrants represent an important part of the British population. More specifically, it has been estimated that immigrants across Britain are 4.6 million – in a total population of 60 million (Morris et al. 2007). The research on the living conditions and the daily challenges of these people, revealed that many of them are likely to become ‘victim of a racially motivated crime’ (Easton 2006); in fact, it has been revealed that in 2004, 87,000 immigrants in Britain have faced such problem (Easton 2006) . The above number shows increasing trends; in 2005 the prosecutions for racially motivated offences showed an increase of 28% - compared to 2005 (Easton, 2006). It should be noted at this point that immigrants in Britain have a key influence on the country’s politics, being an important electoral body (McAllister 1984); however, it seems that they are not able of using their power – as described above – in order to secure their rights – reference is made primarily to health, employment and education. In order to identify and understand the extent of racial discrimination in Britain it would be necessary to refer primarily to the framework of discrimination, as developed in the particular country. The elements of discrimination in Britain are made clear through the definition provided by Blackstone et al. (1998). In accordance with the above definition ‘direct discrimination is defined as treating a person less favourably than others on racial groun ds’ (Blackstone et al. 1998, p.37). There is also the case of indirect discrimination which is described as an activity of setting a requirement to which the persons belonging in a particular race are most likely to be able to respond – compared to people belonging to a different race (Blackstone et al. 1998, p.37). The above descriptions, which have been presented by Blackstone as they are included in the Race Relations Act 1976, are particularly important in order to understand the level at which racial discrimination has been developed across Britain. In any case, it should be noted that the issue of racial discrimination in Britain is active for many years – having been started approximately at 1940s – with the pressure then for ‘the settlement of black people in the particular country’ (Rich 1990, p.142). 2.2 Racial discrimination in education, employment and housing Racial discrimination in Britain has many different aspects; it can be identified in the education, the housing and the employment of immigrants, as members of the population. Regarding the relationship between education and immigration, the following issues need to be highlighted: the existence of racism in certain social settings, as for example,

International, Global, and Domestic Business Coursework

International, Global, and Domestic Business - Coursework Example Likewise, DAE ensures that associated employees and organizations do not gain financial benefit by performing illegal acts and property that is utilized in the process. During one of the cases that were covered by an audit company $420 million cash was recovered from employees and organizations involved in illegal drug activities. DEA is a principal department that is capable of forfeiture of seizing cash during any drug enforcement investigations. However, other local agencies associated with law enforcement can also seize cash during their drug enforcement operations and the money is transferred to a federal agency i.e. DAE. After receiving the seized cash, DAE follows federal forfeiture laws in which, 80% amount of the seized money is utilized for law enforcement purpose, however, there are some cases when the money is utilized by General Revenue Fund. Baselines or minimum-security standards for practitioners are addressed in the Title 21 CFR 1300 that is utilized for evaluating security. However, it is not necessary that they can provide adequate protection by deploying effective controls and procedures for ensuring safety against theft of the controlled substances require a safe place, as per distributor’s requirements. Likewise, the same perspective is applicable to other experts, as all the security controls will be investigated to evaluate the compatibility as per laws and regulations for ensuring theft protection. Moreover, baselines or minimum standards for experts dealing with controlled substances require a safe vault or room made from foolproof security. Likewise, pharmaceuticals provide options for storing controlled substances by encapsulating or hiding them amongst available stock that is categorized as non- controlled substances. However, there are no details provided for construction of a secure vault or location, only the intent of the law is visible i.e. controlled substances must be appropriately protected. Consequently,

Imelda Marcos Essay Example for Free

Imelda Marcos Essay Imelda R. Marcos (born Imelda Remedios Visitacion Romualdez on July 2, 1929) is a Filipino politician and widow of former Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos. Upon the ascension of her husband to political power, she held various positions to the government until 1986. She is the first politician elected as member of the Philippine legislature in three geographical locations (Manila, Leyte, Ilocos Norte). In 2010, she was elected to become a member of the House of Representatives to represent Ilocos Nortes second district. She is sometimes referred to as the Steel Butterfly or the Iron Butterfly. [1][2] She is often remembered for symbols of the extravagance of her husbands political reign, including her collection of 2,700 pairs of shoes. [3] Ancestry Marcos was born in Manila, Philippines. Her paternal ancestors were wealthy, landed and prominent, and claimed to have founded the town of Tolosa, Leyte. The Lopezes were descended from the Spanish friar and silversmith Don Francisco Lopez, originally from Granada, in the Andalusian region of Spain. Together with Fray Salustiano Buz, he arrived by way of Acapulco to build Roman Catholic missions in the island provinces of Samar and Leyte (Buz would establish his home base in Palapag, Samar, the exit-entry point of the Manila Galleons in the Visayas islands). [4] Early life and career Her branch of the family was not political. Her father, Vicente Orestes Romualdez, a law professor at Saint Pauls College and the administrator of the Romualdez Law Offices founded by his brother (Imeldas Uncle), Philippine Supreme Court Justice Norberto Lopez Romualdez, was a scholarly man more interested in music and culture than public life. He was a traditionalist, preferring to teach in Spanish while the rest of the students and faculty spoke English and Tagalog. Marcos had a younger brother, Benjamin Romualdez (1930-2012). [5] Her mother, Remedios Trinidad y de Guzman or Remedios T. Romualdez, a former boarder at the Asilo de San Vicente de Paul (Looban Convent) in Paco, Manila, was said to have been born out of wedlock, the child of a friar. [6] Remedios was from the town of Baliuag, Bulacan, and her own mother was from Capiz.

America the Philosophical :: Philosophy Science Papers

America the Philosophical Although convention dictates that America is an unphilosophical sort of country, fonder of Super Bowls than supervenience, the development of philosophy away from Socratic strategies that presume eternal right answers to the classical philosophical problems suggests a second look is in order. This is particularly true if one accepts many of the notions currently in the air about "post-modern" or "post-analytic" philosophy — that its roots lie in classical rhetoric and pragmatism, or that its notion of truth holds the latter to be what issues from the most wide-open sort of informed deliberation possible. In that case, it begins to seem as if America is to philosophy as Italy is to art, or Norway to skiing: a perfectly designed environment for the practice. This, at least, is the provocation intended by this paper. America the Philosophical? It sounds like Canada the Exhibitionist or France the Unassuming: a mental miscue, a delusional academic tic, a Dead-On-Arrival body emitting gases of pure intellectual wish-fulfillment. Everyone knows that Americans don't take philosophy seriously, don't know much about it, don't pay any attention to it, and couldn't name a contemporary academic philosopher if their passports depended on it. As historian Richard Hofstadter drily observed in his Pulitzer-Prize-winning Anti-Intellectualism in American Life (1962), "In the United States the play of the mind is perhaps the only form of play not looked upon with the most tender indulgence." But if the title phenomenon of Hofstadter's classic indeed boasts "a long, historical background," the peculiar attitude directed at philosophy softens that hostility by increasing the dosage of unfamiliarity or contempt. Philosophy often seems sufficiently unthreatening to the practical on-the-go American that Arthur Schlesinger's stinging old charge — that on these shores, "Anti-intellectualism has long been the anti-Semitism of the businessman" — feels overwrought. The American middle manager confronted with a devoted philosophy type is most likely to recycle the old cliche, "What are you going to do, open a philosophy store?", and leave it at that. If, of course, the information has been accurately downloaded. Tell your middlebrow seatmate on an commuter flight that you're "in philosophy" and the reply is likely to be, "Oh, that's great. My niece is in psychology too." The infrequent philosophy blips on America's media screens suggest that philosophy doesn't quite register on the American psyche with the gravitas professionals in the field might like. According to the Macy's window of American gossip, the New York Post’s "Page Six," model emeritus Lauren Hutton regards Camille Paglia, the media's 15-minute joy-toy of the `80s, as "the greatest living American philosopher.

Comparing and contrasting between two poems Essay

In this essay I am going to look at the differences and similarities between two cultural poems. I will look at the language used by the poets to describe the different cultures and I will also look at the imagery used to portray the cultures in the poems. The two poems I will be looking at is ‘Island man by Grace Nichols’ and ‘Blessing by Imtiaz Dharker’ The poem ‘Island Man’ is about a Caribbean Island man who lives in London and still wakes up to the sound of the sea and the poem ‘Blessing’ is about a third world country who have hardly any water and can’t wait for the water pipe to burst so that they can have some more water for a while. Island Man is broken up into four stanza’s with one line at the end on it’s own. The first stanza is where he is waking up after dreaming about the island and he is slowly coming back from his dream. In this stanza they have used a metaphor ‘wombing’, which is actually a made up word, however, this word makes you think that he could have possibly grown up here as the word gives the impression that he feels a sense of safety towards the island and so he could have grown up there. It also uses sibilance with the words ‘Surf, steady and wakes’. This creates a calm and gentle mood for the island where ‘Island Man’ possibly grew up. The second Stanza is also about him waking up from his dream and coming back from the island in his head and also expands on the image created in the first stanza. The first line ‘Wild seabirds’ gives you the feeling that on this island you are free and you can relax and have fun without being stressed out all the time. There is an adverb ‘defiantly’ used on the third line to describe the sun ‘Sun surfacing defiantly’ this is a lexical field, creating the image of independence or refusing to be organized. Also the word ’emerald’ has been used to describe the island, this suggests that the island is precious to him and that it has many vivid colours whish are really special to him. Then the last line of the second stanza is stood out from the rest of the poem ‘groggily groggily’ is used to describe the him coming back from the island to the stress of everyday life, and it emphasises the way that he doesn’t want t o come back. The third and fourth stanza’s are about him waking up from his dream about the island and realises that he is in London and not where he wants to be. ‘Grey metallic soar’ and ‘Dull, north circular roar’ are used to describe London as really dull and having a lack of colour, whereas the island appeared to be very colourful, for example ‘ Blue surf’ and ‘sun surfacing defiantly’ and ’emerald island’. Also in the third stanza the third line stands out from the rest of the poem ‘ Surge of wheels’, this is describing the sharp sound of London compared to the soft and relaxing sounds of the island. In the fourth stanza, the first and second lines link back to the island ‘muffling, muffling’ deadens the sharp sounds from earlier in the poem and ‘his crumpled pillow waves’, links to the sounds of the island, him thinking his pillow is the waves of the island. And finally the last line in the fourth stanza ‘island man heaves himself’ which is followed by the last line ‘Another London day’, Contrasts with wakes up and shows how much he really is longing to be on that island instead of in London and how he has to pull himself away from his island and begin another London day. The poem ‘Blessing’ starts with a similie which really emphasises the meaning of the poem ‘the skin cracks like a pod. There is never enough water’, onomatopoeia is also used with the word ‘cracks’ to add emphasis to show how desperate these people are for water. Like ‘Island Man’ the second stanza expands on the image created within the first two lines. The second line uses onomatopoeia twice, ‘splash’ and ‘echo’. This makes you realise how precious the water is to the people in the poem, especially when it says how they imagine the echo of it in a tin mug on lines 3-6, this really shows there desperation and longing for something everyone else would take for granted. In the third stanza, various metaphors are used to add emphasis to the previous stanza and also create a new image of how they react when they receive more water than they normally have. They describe the water as ‘silver crashing to the ground’, this shows how important the water is to the people, especially when the water is described as ‘silver’. The people are described as a ‘congregation’ to again add emphasis and show how much these people want the water and how desperate they are, this is shown again by using another metaphor on the very last line of the third stanza ‘frantic hands’, this again shows the desperate people trying to reach for the water. Finally, the fourth stanza describes how fantastic and amazing they find this water by using another metaphor to show how much they treasure the water ‘as the blessing sings over their small bones’, also in this final stanza it describes how poor they were and how little they had by saying that the children were naked and their ‘small bones’ could mean that they are really weak as they don’t have much to eat and obviously not enough to drink. Overall the two poems are fairly similar as they are both about people wanting things and longing for something that they don’t have. For instance in ‘Island Man’ he continuously dreams about the island where he possibly grew up and where he wants to be everyday instead of the dull and stressful life that he is currently living in London. Likewise in ‘Blessing’ the people who live in the poor country have hardly any water and are longing for water. A phrase from each poem could possibly link this to each poem, for example in ‘Island Man’ on the fourth line it says ‘In his head’ and in ‘Blessing’ on the third line it says ‘Imagine’. These phrases could indicate to the reader that both poems are about people wanting things that they can’t have and are so desperate that they dream about them. However there are differences between the two poems, for instance in the way the poems are written, because Island man has no punctuation apart from a capital letter on the first and last line and also on the first line in the section of poem that starts to describe the city of London. This could be to distinguish between the two different places described in the poem and then the last line of the poem where it shows how he is feeling about waking up for another London day when he really doesn’t want to. And also because in ‘Blessing’ they are longing for something which they need to survive (water), whereas in ‘Island Man’ he is desperate to go back to the island where he grew up and is precious to him however unlike the people in ‘Blessing’, he could actually live without the island, even though he may not want to, although you cant live without water.

How to Achieve Better Work-Life Balance Essay

For most of us these days, having to work is not an option, but a necessity. Struggling to maintain a job and a family can be demanding and stressful. While dealing with everyday chores at home, dinner, homework and other responsibilities, some people think that being at work is like having a break. On the other hand, for a single person, work may be the only social life they have. While using the workplace as an outlet to get away from it all or as a place to socialize, it is important to be aware of actions at work that might annoy your co-workers. Manners do matter, not only in your social life but your workplace. Manners can come into various forms, but professional etiquette in a workplace is vital, if you want to be respected or even make your job easier. For example, if your job involves you sending emails to other clients, associates or managers. You always want the email to content a greeting, and goodbye. I said respectable because there are different forms of greetings and goodbyes depending on the receiver. Manners mean behavior that is considered to be polite in a particular society and culture Manners are what you do in a specific way to be polite, courteous, etc. showing proper manners means making the person around you not feel bad. Example: You say ‘please’ and ‘thank you’ to show good manners. You are not ‘showing etiquette’ while doing this. As everybody already knows that it’s a professional etiquette to use these words at work! Professional manner & etiquette consists of professional dress code the right dress with the right contrast of color & combination of shoe and socks, exposing physical structure must be avoided. professional appearance, punctuality, use of professional language, positive attitude, non-verbal communication skills, maintaining hygiene. Manners impact of how others perceive you and your company. Your appearance and dress code, your way of welcoming people at first sight or later, your body language, your way of choosing words for your business conversation, your way of managing time effectively, your professional way of interacting with people and finally your mindset are the core components of your professional manner and etiquette. Each company must have a manual for professional manner and etiquette. New recruits should go through an induction program to understand these sensitive issues to deal with people at work. Even every year there should be a review of a company’s professional manner and etiquette to update its manual to keep pace with the changing trends of global fashion and life style. Conducting a job interview is the most widely used selection tool. It has proved most reliable and the employers rely on it in preference to any other tool. It is a process designed to predict future job performance by candidate’s oral responses to oral inquiries. For having a better comprehension of Job interviewing it is proper will to go through the definitions of the interview and job interview. An interview as defined is a conversation between two people where the interviewer put questions to the interviewees to get information from him. Job Interview on the other hand is generally defined as a conversation between an employer and a job candidate, where the employer evaluates a candidate for prospective employment in the organization. The two definitions show that an interview is a general term used for all kinds of interview, it gives out the broad outlines of the term interview. Job interview on the other hand is specific to a particular area namely employment. But, this is a common misconception that job interview is a unilateral process which, is not the case. The above definition of Job interview is very similar to definition of Job Interviewing, but not that of job interview as it does not give the full picture and is incomplete.

Treatment of Words That Include Self

Treatment of Words That Include Self Treatment of Words That Include â€Å"Self† Treatment of Words That Include â€Å"Self† By Mark Nichol Appropriately enough, the self-centered word self, when combined with others, sometimes gets special treatment. Self, as a prefix, is attached by a hyphen to other words in several parts of speech. The combination can be a noun (self-control), an adjective (self-absorbed), a verb (self-medicate), or an adverb (self-importantly). It can also refer literally to a person (self-regard) or can figuratively apply to an inanimate object (self-contained). However it is used, though, it is always, with one aberrant exception I’ll refer to below, hyphenated. In adjectival usage, although most phrasal adjectives are hyphenated before a noun but left open after (â€Å"The well-known artist drew a big crowd,† but â€Å"That artist is well known†), compounds that include the prefix self are hyphenated in both positions: â€Å"The self-possessed girl was confident but not conceited,† and â€Å"That girl is remarkably self-possessed.† This rule applies also to all, another prefix used in phrasal adjectives: â€Å"The all-inclusive policy was more successful†; â€Å"The policy is all-inclusive.† Ex, although not employed in phrasal adjectives, is another prefix always hyphenated to the word that follows: â€Å"That’s her ex-boyfriend.† The exception for the prefix self I referred to above is this: Though self-conscious and self-consciously are so constructed, the antonym presents a problem: Words are often strung together into phrases with hyphens (â€Å"She had an annoying devil-may-care attitude†), but this strategy is considered inappropriate when prefixes are concerned. Un-self-consciously looks awkward. Unfortunately, the preferred alternative, unselfconsciously, is equally repugnant. The solution? Instead of writing â€Å"His unselfconsciousness was refreshing,† write â€Å"His lack of self-consciousness was refreshing.† As an alternative to the adverbial form in, for example, â€Å"They played together unselfconsciously,† try â€Å"They played together with no self-conscious behavior.† In all other usage, though, words in which self or its plural form appears when self is followed by a suffix (selfish, selfless) or when it is combined with a pronoun (yourself, myself, itself, ourselves, themselves, and so on) are not hyphenated. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Grammar Test 1Hang, Hung, Hanged75 Synonyms for â€Å"Hard†

Production and Sale of Cigarettes Should Be Made Illegal

Production and Sale of Cigarettes Should Be Made Illegal Criminalize Cigarette Smoking Now! It used to be that everyone smoked. Seriously, 50 years ago, Americans (and those in many other countries around the world) smoked cigarettes like the world was ending. It was what people did; instead of killing time by playing on their iPhones, people used to light up. Rarely, then, would you see a group of people at a table without a cloud of smoke hovering over the table. Well, things have changed quite a bit in the last half-century; the use of cigarettes is less ubiquitous. Things have changed for the better, the healthier, that’s for sure. Today, one could argue that the production and sale of cigarettes should be made illegal, and with good reason. One reason to criminalize the production, sale and consumption of cigarettes is due to the fact that smoking tobacco has no medical value whatsoever. Research and science says its use is a major cause of cancer and other problems, such as heart disease, diabetes, emphysema, chronic bronchitis and others. Some people, on the contrary, smoke their entire lives without so much as a bad cough – but they are in the minority. Moderate alcohol consumption, rather, has been shown to thin blood, lower the heart rate and relax people. Tobacco does the complete opposite. The consumption and production and sale of tobacco should be made illegal because it’s quite unhealthy – more than that, it’s kills millions of people around the world each year. Secondly, tobacco is very addictive. Its main chemical is nicotine, a toxic colorless or yellowish, oily liquid, the chief active constituent of tobacco. It acts as a stimulant in small doses, but in larger amounts, it blocks the action of autonomic nerve and skeletal muscle cells. It’s so addictive that seasoned smokers can’t often go but just a few hours without a smoke and withdrawal symptoms are quite intense, though not as harsh as alcohol and opiates. If something is so addictive that people can’t go long without it and so addictive that people struggle for a lifetime trying to quit, then something so detrimental to one’s health should be made illegal, and not just illegal in a small sense: Repercussion for its use, possession, production and sale should result in dire penalties like extreme fines, jail time and criminal proceedings. Lastly, cigarette smokers often begin smoking in their adolescent years, when they’re caving in to peer pressure and a desire for popularity. They see the â€Å"cool kids† doing it, actors in films and TV shows smoking cigarettes – and they see people in everyday life doing it, too, mostly at public places, like benches, parks, outside of restaurants – all over their community. And so they think it is okay, like having a few drinks like adults do. But moderate alcohol consumption in adults has not been proven to affect one’s health negatively. Nonetheless, teens are impressionable and can’t make the best decisions on their own; that’s why they can’t vote or own a gun. They would be just too immature to consider their future and its negative consequences. Teens just don’t think about these things. Well, if the production and sale of cigarettes were to be made illegal, fewer teens would be seeking cigarettes, and less peopl e would begin smoking this addictive, unhealthy substance in the first place. They would not see it, so they would not want it. It’s something we don’t need, and this notion pertains especially to adolescents, who aren’t ready to think about their long-term health, their futures as grandparents, fathers and spouses. To conclude this argument, that the production and sale (and maybe even its possession and usage) of cigarettes be made illegal, it’s important to consider the facts: Tobacco is very unhealthy – it kills people; nicotine is heavily addictive, and young people want to do it. So, of course, fewer people are smoking today. But we’re forgetting one very important fact about smoking: how disgusting it is. Have you ever smoked? It’s pretty gross. The smoke smells like last night’s dinner burning to a black crisp on the kitchen stove, mixed with a long-decomposing corpse. On top of that, it turns your teeth, tongue and smoking fingertips the nasty, yellowish color of the nicotine. Even worse – a smoker’s clothes and hair always have the foul odor of stale cigarettes. These are just a few more reasons explaining why the production and sale of cigarettes should be made illegal in America.

Week 3 Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week 3 Assignment - Essay Example The issue about abortion is highly contemptuous both from the legal, philosophical and more especially theological perspective. While current law tends to be more liberal with the legalization of abortion in some states and some countries, the controversy and debate about its propriety is still as heated as before. The argument whether it is right or wrong has not yet settled and confounded by the equally heated discourse about the woman’s right to choose with what to do with her own body and the fetus/zygote right to live. The arguments about abortion are grounded on several philosophical and theological premises. First is the argument about when did life begin? Some posits that life begins at conception while others argue that life already begun at implantation. The Catholic Church brings forth the argument of its foremost theologian, St. Thomas Aquinas who believed that life actually begins at 40 days for male and 80 for female. He based this theological basis of his from the Greek’s view about fetal development. It became more acceptable however that life begun when the fetus acquired personhood and/or â€Å"ensoulment† which has the same value and right as any human being to live. Having accepted this standard of where life actually begun, limits the argument to the point of when a fetus gains personhood. Development in science has helped to settle this dilemma for it provided that the fetus is already a viable human life at the end of second trimester of pregnancy. But even if perso nhood or ensoulment is already established, there are however circumstances that would make abortion morally acceptable. This particularly true when the pregnancy and/or is threatening the mother’s life that continuing the pregnancy would induce the death the mother. Thus, in this instance, abortion becomes

How do we end gridlock in the American political System and modernize Term Paper

How do we end gridlock in the American political System and modernize the federal Government's administrative infrastructure t - Term Paper Example â€Å"Gridlock† as it is experienced in Washington D.C. today represents a system of government that the Anti-Federalists specifically warned against in the founding of the United States through the Constitutional Convention, â€Å"Bill of Rights† negotiation, and state ratification process. In understanding how Jeffersonian ideals relate to â€Å"Athenian† democracy, and also how populism and progressivism present a historical framework for reform of the political system, the goal is to continue in the tradition of innovation in social institutions so as to make them more open, transparent, participatory, and non-violent as a basis of civil society. This essay discusses downsizing government, decentralizing political organizations, and building stakeholder frameworks that lead to real participation in government organizations and decisions by citizens. The essay also discusses possibilities to increase multi-party political representation through use of informat ion technology and other forms of innovation in democratic organization to implement fundamental ideals through progress. Table of Contents Abstract 1 Table of Contents 1 I. Introduction 2 II. Definition of â€Å"Gridlock† 4 III. Two Party Monopoly 6 One example commonly cited as â€Å"gridlock† is the prevention of legislation from passing by one party through control of one branch of government, such as a Republican party majority in the Senate refusing to support Democratic legislation, or a Republican president unable to build legislative support for his/her agenda in the House of Representatives. A larger aspect of â€Å"gridlock† is the actual two-party monopoly that prohibits a wider representation of views and discussion of issues in the Federal system. This can be compared to systems of government internationally that encourage wider multi-party frameworks and coalitions, as well as an ideal of direct, participatory democracy that would be supported thr ough a more diverse representation of views than found in two-party politics. While the Constitution does not mandate a two-party system, â€Å"winner take all† representation does discourage third party candidates from attaining office, as do the discriminatory ballot measures that restrict ballot access to third parties. 6 IV. Corporate Interests over Public 6 One of the most important issues related to the ideological fusion of Capitalism and Democracy in Enlightenment thought is corruption in government related to minority business interests and the use of â€Å"pork-barrel† politics and legislation to produce social injustice. The recent Wall St. bailouts are an excellent example of the valuation of the interests of the â€Å"super rich† over the â€Å"super poor†. Nevertheless, innumerable aspects of the interrelationship between the U.S. government and the economy can be found. The chart below estimates the Federal Government to be related to appro ximately 43% of U.S. GDP through taxation, spending, and social programs. It is interesting to note that before the 20th Century government spending was typically representative of less than 10% of GDP, representing another aspect of the anti-federalist view. 6 US Government Spending as Percent Of GDP Source: